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劍橋雅思4閱讀:Adults and children are frequently...這篇答案(雅思閱讀話(huà)題:人文科學(xué))

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今天大學(xué)路小編整理了劍橋雅思4閱讀:Adults and children are frequently...這篇答案(雅思閱讀話(huà)題:人文科學(xué))相關(guān)信息,希望在這方面能夠更好的大家。

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劍橋雅思4閱讀:Adults and children are frequently...這篇答案(雅思閱讀話(huà)題:人文科學(xué))

劍橋雅思4閱讀:Adults and children are frequently...這篇答案

洛陽(yáng)大華 雅思 提醒您,可以參考下這篇文章:
“精讀”的“精”字是最值得推敲的,“精”如果換句話(huà)說(shuō)就是理解,其包括了幾個(gè)方面,一個(gè)是文章單詞詞義的理解,一個(gè)是 句子分析 上的理解,最后一個(gè)是文章結(jié)構(gòu)上的理解。
首先來(lái)看一下文章單詞詞義上的理解。這個(gè)理解層面是最基礎(chǔ)的。因?yàn)橐x懂一篇文章在說(shuō)什么,自然要知道每句話(huà)的意思,但是每句話(huà)意思的理解又是建立在每個(gè)單詞的理解上。所以我們說(shuō)要做好閱讀,詞匯量一直都是強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)。精讀雅思閱讀文章,第一步就是把文章中的生詞都解決掉。換句話(huà)說(shuō),就是利用字典把文章中不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞都查出來(lái)。我們以劍4上TEST1的PASSAGE1這篇文章為例。這篇文章是講一個(gè) 調(diào)查 研究關(guān)于孩子們對(duì) 熱帶雨林 的了解狀況。文章的第一句話(huà)Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests. 這句話(huà)中常見(jiàn)的不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞可能有confronted, statements, alarming 和tropical rainforests. 所以要理解句子,我們就要把這幾個(gè)單詞的意思在字典中查找出來(lái)。Confront是指面臨、遭遇,statement是指聲明、陳述,alarming是指令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的,令人震驚的,tropical rainforest是指熱帶雨林。查找完這些詞的意思僅是第一步,因?yàn)楣馐前岩馑疾檎页鰜?lái)記憶并不深刻,所以建議大家可以準(zhǔn)備一本單詞本,專(zhuān)門(mén)記錄文章中不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞。但是記錄下來(lái)還沒(méi)有完成文章詞義的理解,我們還要去具體分析一下這些詞,尤其是動(dòng)詞,要注意查找其 同義詞 和反義詞。例如confront這個(gè)詞是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,它的同義詞有encounter, 意思都有遭遇,對(duì)抗的意思,但是區(qū)別有encounter常用于軍事方面。Statement是一個(gè)名詞,它是state加ment,由動(dòng)詞state變成名詞,其同義詞有announcement、declaration等。而動(dòng)詞state除了有聲明、陳述的意思以外,還有作為名詞州、國(guó)家以及形容詞國(guó)家的,國(guó)有的,正式的等含義。而alarming則是由動(dòng)詞alarm加上ing變成形容詞,alarm的意思是恐嚇、警告,同時(shí)也有名詞意義為警報(bào)、恐慌。最后tropical的意思是熱帶的,tropical rainforest為熱帶雨林,那么可以引申出其他的類(lèi)似詞匯,例如溫帶就是 temperate zone , 寒帶就是frigid zone,極地就是polar region。從一個(gè)詞匯可以引申出一系列的詞匯,尤其是同義詞,這在以后的閱讀理解上也是非常有幫助的,因?yàn)檠潘奸喿x很多時(shí)候都是在考察學(xué)生的paraphrasing同義轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。所以如果在精讀詞匯的時(shí)候有意識(shí)的去學(xué)習(xí)和認(rèn)識(shí)同義詞,對(duì)閱讀能力的提高大有裨益。當(dāng)然在精讀的單詞挑選上我們也有一定的原則,并不是所有的單詞都值得去精讀。主要挑選的單詞最好是具有普遍含義的動(dòng)詞、形容詞,其次是副詞和名詞。而那些比較難比較偏的名詞是不適合精讀的,基本上以認(rèn)知為主就可以。
第二個(gè)層次的精讀是句子的分析和理解。句子的分析和理解最好是結(jié)合題目來(lái)做。因?yàn)橹耙呀?jīng)做過(guò)題目也對(duì)過(guò)答案,因此對(duì)于答案與文章對(duì)應(yīng)的句子應(yīng)該有所了解,那么分析起來(lái)就更具有針對(duì)性。同樣以上文提到的文章為例。這篇文章的第四題是一道判斷題,題目為T(mén)he fact that children’s ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them. 題目的意思是孩子們關(guān)于科學(xué)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是融合在一個(gè)比較大的想法框架中的,這個(gè)事實(shí)意味著如果要改變孩子們的觀(guān)點(diǎn)也還是相對(duì)容易的。這道題目在文章中對(duì)對(duì)應(yīng)的相關(guān)句子是These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification. 這句話(huà)是一句難句,中間有不少的插入成分來(lái)影響我們對(duì)句子的理解,但是如果我們從句子主干開(kāi)始分析,一步一步,就能把整個(gè)脈絡(luò)梳理清楚。這句話(huà)的主語(yǔ)是misconceptions, 這些錯(cuò)誤的觀(guān)點(diǎn)或想法,然后用了一個(gè)not….but…的結(jié)構(gòu),告示我們這種錯(cuò)誤的觀(guān)點(diǎn)不會(huì)是一直孤立的,而是會(huì)合并到一個(gè)框架體系中,framework之前的multifaceted, but organized, conceptual都是修飾這個(gè)framework的特征的,也就是這個(gè)框架體系是多方面的,有序的以及有概念系統(tǒng)的。接下來(lái)的句子則要理解2個(gè)代詞所指代的意義,一個(gè)是making it 中的it, 還有一個(gè)是some of which 中的which. It 指的是一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞概念,而它之前就一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞,就是framework, 而which 前離它最近的名詞是ideas, 所以它所指代的就是component ideas. 搞清楚了這2個(gè)代詞所指代的內(nèi)容,后面半句話(huà)也就容易理解了,意思是可以使這個(gè)概念體系及構(gòu)成這個(gè)體系的思想——其中一部分是錯(cuò)誤的——更加健全,同時(shí)也更加容易得到修正。從這個(gè)分析上來(lái)看,題目的意思和文章相關(guān)句子的意思一致,所以判斷題目是TRUE,正確的。因此要分析清楚雅思閱讀文章的句子結(jié)構(gòu),最有效的方法還是從句子的主干著手,然后再分析其修飾成分,然后再用中文的思路去組織句意。當(dāng)然重點(diǎn)分析的句子還是以與題目相關(guān)的句子為主,有些比較簡(jiǎn)單的句子就不需要花太多時(shí)間。
最后是一個(gè)更高程度的精讀要求,是對(duì)基礎(chǔ)比較好的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該去學(xué)會(huì)的一種精讀方法,也就是要從文章的宏觀(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)上去分析。雅思閱讀文章大多是學(xué)術(shù)類(lèi)氣息濃厚的文章,因此多以 說(shuō)明文 和議論文為主,而內(nèi)容上也多關(guān)于調(diào)查研究報(bào)告,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,課題研究以及其他自然原理現(xiàn)象說(shuō)明的內(nèi)容。所以文章結(jié)構(gòu)很多會(huì)有類(lèi)似。如果能分析出相似題材的文章結(jié)構(gòu),那么對(duì)做目前來(lái)說(shuō)大家都頭疼的段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)題是有很大的幫助的。同樣以雨林那篇文章為例。這篇文章是比較典型的調(diào)查研究報(bào)告類(lèi)說(shuō)明文,文章的結(jié)構(gòu)脈絡(luò)比較清晰。在經(jīng)過(guò)上面兩步驟的精讀后,對(duì)文章的內(nèi)容理解應(yīng)該已經(jīng)不成問(wèn)題,現(xiàn)在要做的就是去掉外皮,將其骨骼提煉出來(lái)。文章分為11個(gè)小段落,前3段是調(diào)查研究的背景介紹,后面的4到9段介紹了調(diào)查的具體內(nèi)容,也就是5個(gè)開(kāi)放式問(wèn)題孩子們給出的答案及分析,最后2段進(jìn)行了總結(jié)和對(duì)接下來(lái)調(diào)查的預(yù)期。所以文章的總體結(jié)構(gòu)和調(diào)查研究報(bào)告類(lèi)文章是類(lèi)似的,背景介紹——調(diào)查具體內(nèi)容結(jié)果——總結(jié)預(yù)測(cè),以后如果遇到類(lèi)似的調(diào)查研究報(bào)告類(lèi)文章最有可能的行文結(jié)構(gòu)也是這樣,那么如果出了相關(guān)的段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)題就可以利用文章結(jié)構(gòu)快速定位相關(guān)的段落然后再進(jìn)行選擇,有了正確的范圍,那么正確率也就大大提高了。
以上三點(diǎn)就是“精讀”的核心,如果能堅(jiān)持從這3點(diǎn)去精讀一篇篇的雅思 劍橋 系列文章,相信詞匯量和閱讀能力會(huì)大有提高,整體的英文能力也會(huì)突飛猛進(jìn)。

雅思閱讀話(huà)題:人文科學(xué)

很多烤鴨們備考雅思閱讀的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)即使自己背了很多詞匯,閱讀方法也掌握了不少,但正確率仍舊不是很高,而且速度不夠快。通過(guò)實(shí)際教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),這其中的一個(gè)主要原因在于烤鴨們對(duì)于雅思閱讀考察的話(huà)題不熟悉。為了解決烤鴨們的這個(gè)難題,專(zhuān)家對(duì)雅思閱讀的話(huà)題進(jìn)行了歸類(lèi)總結(jié),讓烤鴨們?cè)诳紙?chǎng)上找到一種“他鄉(xiāng)遇故人”的感覺(jué),同時(shí)也給出了烤鴨們做閱讀的一些方法建議,讓烤鴨們?cè)诳紙?chǎng)上不只是“他鄉(xiāng)遇故人”更要“知故人”。

經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)歷年的雅思閱讀考試的分析,閱讀話(huà)題主要有兩大類(lèi),分別是自然科學(xué)類(lèi)和人文社科類(lèi)。上文中我們已經(jīng)探討過(guò)自然科學(xué)類(lèi)的話(huà)題,本文將重點(diǎn)對(duì)人文科學(xué)類(lèi)話(huà)題的文章進(jìn)行分析。雅思閱讀人文科學(xué)類(lèi)的話(huà)題主要分為三大塊:教育類(lèi),語(yǔ)言學(xué)類(lèi),發(fā)展史。同時(shí)還會(huì)涉及到企業(yè)管理和心理類(lèi)。

1. 教育類(lèi)

首先,教育類(lèi)的話(huà)題一直是雅思考試閱讀部分的熱門(mén)話(huà)題。在2011年的考試中,主要涉及到了兒童的性格,歐洲女子教育,兒童心理教育,兒童情感發(fā)展,教育方法的研究,噪音對(duì)兒童的影響,兒童文學(xué),家長(zhǎng)參與教育,天才教育,學(xué)習(xí)歷史的意義。在2012年上半年的考試來(lái)看,教育類(lèi)涉及到了學(xué)術(shù)道德,閱讀方法的探討,年輕人當(dāng)父母,澳大利亞文盲。從去年及今年上半年的教育類(lèi)話(huà)題分析,兒童教育及家庭教育是教育類(lèi)話(huà)題的中心。在劍橋雅思真題集中這類(lèi)型話(huà)題的分布也很廣泛,比如劍橋5 Test3 passage1 “Early Childhood Education”, 這篇文章主要是關(guān)于兒童教育的,講解了兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目'Headstart' programme和'Missouri' programme; 劍橋6 Test4 passage2 “Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?”, 這篇文章討論了高學(xué)歷女性是否可以是更好的媽媽?zhuān)嘘P(guān)兒童的家長(zhǎng)問(wèn)題。劍橋8 Test4 Passage1 'Land of the Rising Sum' 探討了日本的數(shù)學(xué)教育。

因此,各位烤鴨應(yīng)多關(guān)注一下這類(lèi)型的文章,如果沒(méi)有時(shí)間進(jìn)行課外泛讀,也可以對(duì)劍橋雅思真題集4-8的教育類(lèi)文章先進(jìn)行限時(shí)訓(xùn)練,做完對(duì)了答案將錯(cuò)誤修改之后,建議烤鴨們?cè)谶@時(shí)千萬(wàn)別以為這篇文章就已經(jīng)做完了,一定要再對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行泛讀,每段的大意應(yīng)該知道,并最好用中文標(biāo)在每段后面,然后把每段主題句中的關(guān)鍵詞標(biāo)出來(lái),如果有不認(rèn)識(shí)的最好摘下來(lái)。這樣到了考場(chǎng)上才能真正體會(huì)到“他鄉(xiāng)知故人”,否則,只是遇到了但不夠熟悉,做題時(shí)仍然會(huì)比較困難。

2. 語(yǔ)言類(lèi)

雅思閱讀人文科學(xué)類(lèi)的第二大話(huà)題就是語(yǔ)言類(lèi)。從2011年全年來(lái)看,主要涉及到語(yǔ)言的傳播,筆譯,國(guó)際公司的外語(yǔ)策略培訓(xùn),語(yǔ)言對(duì)商業(yè)的作用,語(yǔ)言的起源,語(yǔ)言的消失,對(duì)語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的態(tài)度。在 2012年上半年來(lái)看,語(yǔ)言類(lèi)話(huà)題主要有交流與文化,語(yǔ)義的理解,雙語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的利弊。從去年到今年上半年,語(yǔ)言類(lèi)話(huà)題主要涉及到了語(yǔ)言對(duì)商業(yè),文化等的影響,語(yǔ)言的保護(hù)以及語(yǔ)言與教育的結(jié)合。這類(lèi)型話(huà)題在劍橋雅思真題集中也有廣泛分布,比如:劍橋4 Test2 Passage1 Lost for Words, 這篇文章主要講解了少數(shù)語(yǔ)言的消亡,探討了語(yǔ)言消亡的原因以及相應(yīng)的解決辦法。除此之外,劍橋4 Test3 Passage3 Obtaining Linguistic Data也是關(guān)于語(yǔ)言的,這篇文章相對(duì)比較專(zhuān)業(yè)化,講述了獲取語(yǔ)料的方法并討論了這些方法的利弊,但即使這樣做這篇文章時(shí)也不需要理解那些專(zhuān)業(yè)化的詞匯。劍橋5 Test2 Passage3 The Birth of Scientific English, 這篇文章結(jié)合了語(yǔ)言與發(fā)展史,講述了科學(xué)英語(yǔ)的誕生及發(fā)展。烤鴨們?cè)谟龅竭@類(lèi)型的話(huà)題時(shí),很多都會(huì)覺(jué)得相當(dāng)困難,除非有些烤鴨們的專(zhuān)業(yè)就是語(yǔ)言學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言學(xué)本身就包括了很多分支比如語(yǔ)音學(xué),詞匯學(xué),句法學(xué)等等。每一個(gè)分支都會(huì)有很多相關(guān)的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),烤鴨們尤其是還在讀高中的小烤鴨們會(huì)覺(jué)得異常難懂,但是要記住一點(diǎn):雅思考試的一大特色就是“非專(zhuān)業(yè)性”。也就是說(shuō),雖然考試中會(huì)考到很多有關(guān)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的內(nèi)容,但是大多是關(guān)于語(yǔ)言傳播方式,如何保護(hù)語(yǔ)言等等比較簡(jiǎn)單易懂的方面,并不會(huì)出現(xiàn)太專(zhuān)業(yè)性的內(nèi)容。即使有專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯出現(xiàn),也應(yīng)該感到高興,因?yàn)樗鼈儾粫?huì)涉及同意轉(zhuǎn)換。

3. 發(fā)展史

第三類(lèi)的話(huà)題就是有關(guān)各種事物的發(fā)展史。2011年的雅思閱讀考試中主要涉及到了歐洲印刷術(shù),古人記事,茶的歷史與發(fā)展,加拿大移民史,英國(guó)戰(zhàn)后農(nóng)業(yè)政策,澳大利亞羊毛產(chǎn)業(yè),非洲部落發(fā)展等。2012年上半年的雅思閱讀考試中主要有管理學(xué)之父彼得德魯克,遠(yuǎn)古電腦,奧運(yùn)火炬演變發(fā)展,劇院,超市模式的誕生,地圖的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,英國(guó)人的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)明-犁地機(jī),小提琴*,庫(kù)克發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸。這類(lèi)型話(huà)題在劍橋雅思真題集中也有體現(xiàn),比如:劍橋5 Test1 Passage1 'Johnson's Dictionary', 這篇文章講述了約翰字典的發(fā)展歷史,相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較容易理解,而且題目也比較容易做。Test2 Passage1 The Birth of Modern Plastics, 這篇文章論述了現(xiàn)代塑料的發(fā)展歷程,并講解了*過(guò)程。專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)較多,但沒(méi)有同意轉(zhuǎn)換,因此這些專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)不會(huì)影響做題。劍橋7 Test1 Passage2 'Making Every Drop Count', 這篇文章涉及到了人類(lèi)用水的情況。劍橋8 Test1 Passage1 A Chronicle of Time Keeping, 這篇文章是很典型的發(fā)展史類(lèi)的閱讀文章,講述了計(jì)時(shí)器的發(fā)展歷史,講述的是有史以來(lái)不同國(guó)家發(fā)明的鐘表和計(jì)時(shí)器,也可當(dāng)作鐘表或計(jì)時(shí)器的發(fā)展史來(lái)準(zhǔn)備這個(gè)話(huà)題。這類(lèi)話(huà)題是各位烤鴨們必需關(guān)注的話(huà)題,原因很簡(jiǎn)單,所有的東西都有歷史、有來(lái)由,而且這也是近期考試的一個(gè)主要話(huà)題??忌豢赡軠?zhǔn)備所有的發(fā)展史,但是備考過(guò)程中完全放棄又很可惜,所以在所有的發(fā)展史中,那些曾經(jīng)考過(guò)的發(fā)展史考生一定要列為重點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容。比如說(shuō)“Co*etic Painting”講述了化妝品發(fā)展的歷史,從野人時(shí)代到現(xiàn)代,但是講述現(xiàn)代化妝的比較少,主要是對(duì)比古代?!叭祟?lèi)貨幣的進(jìn)化史”,提到了巴比倫貨幣,中國(guó)貨幣,日本貨幣,非洲貨幣等等,以及劍橋雅思真題集上給出的文章一定要做到。

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’SSPORTINGSUCCESS及答案解析

做好雅思的閱讀題除了掌握對(duì)的 方法 ,也離不開(kāi)我們?nèi)粘5男燎诰毩?xí),下面我給大家?guī)?lái)劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS及答案解析,一起加油吧!

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS

A They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sport*en and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.

B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one — such as building muscle strength in golfers — to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can’t waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don’t help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,’ says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.

C A lot of their work comes down to measurement — everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he *yses how her spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason’s contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (Swimming Analysis) system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer’s performance into factors that can be *ysed individually — stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmer.

D ‘Take a look,’ says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,’ says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better.’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists’ research is bringing to a range of sports. With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete’s clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete’s ability to run. There’s more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AIS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes’ saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgA levels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.

E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a ‘competition model’, based on what they expect will be the winning times.’ You design the model to make that time,’ says Mason.’ A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.’ All the training is then geared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world’s most successful sporting nation.

F Of course, there’s nothing to stop other countries copying — and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists’ and rowers’ times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’, developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia’s success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS題目

Questions 1-7

Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

6 an overview of the funded support of athletes

7 how performance requirements are calculated before an event

Questions 8-11

Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states they

A are currently exclusively used by Australians

B will be used in the future by Australians

C are currently used by both Australians and their rivals

Write the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.

8 cameras

9 sensors

10 protein tests

11 altitude tents

Questions 12 and 13

Answer the questions below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ANDIOR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.

12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?

13 By how much did some cyclists’ performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games?

劍橋雅思閱讀AUSTRALIA’S SPORTING SUCCESS答案

Question 1

答案:B

關(guān)鍵詞:exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports

定位原文:B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”

解題思路: 題干中講到不同體育領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)交流正好跟原文中跨不同體育專(zhuān)家之間的合作相對(duì)應(yīng),理解意思即可容易找到正確答案。

Question 2

答案:C

關(guān)鍵詞: visual imaging/3D, image

定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D *ysis …”

解題思路: 通過(guò)題干中的視頻成像可以很容易找到原文中對(duì)應(yīng)的3D和成像。

Question 3

答案:B

關(guān)鍵詞: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time

定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”

解題思路: 題目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 屬于同義表達(dá),定位答題區(qū)域,發(fā)現(xiàn)此句話(huà)所要表達(dá)的意思是不在一些飄渺的、不切實(shí)際的科學(xué)問(wèn)題上浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,也就是說(shuō)要縮小研究的范圍。

Question 4

答案:F

關(guān)鍵詞:AIS ideas reproduce/ copying

定位原文: F段第1句話(huà) “Of course, there’s nothing…”

解題思路: 題干中的reproduce是復(fù)制的意思,之后從 文章 中發(fā)現(xiàn) 句子 有復(fù)制copying,即可以直接定位。

Question 5

答案:D

關(guān)鍵詞:Obstacle, investigated/ impact, monitor

定位原文: D段第6句“... to monitor heart rate…”

解題思路: 題干提到理想成績(jī)的障礙是如何被調(diào)查研究的,而讀到對(duì)應(yīng)句子之后看到正好是sensors(傳感器)對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員跑步的impact(影響)進(jìn)行研究的儀器,而且obstacles和impact對(duì)應(yīng)。

Question 6

答案:A

關(guān)鍵詞:Overview, funded support finance

定位原文: A段倒數(shù)第2句 “...finances programmes of excellence…”

解題思路: finances是解題關(guān)鍵,意思為資助,正好跟題干中funded support表達(dá)了相同的義項(xiàng),直接對(duì)應(yīng)。而且之后一句話(huà)提及以上項(xiàng)目所提供的服務(wù)和建議,可以確信答案。

Question 7

答案:E

關(guān)鍵詞:Calculated before an event/ using data, well before a championship

定位原文: E段第1句、第2句 “Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, ...”

解題思路: 首先通過(guò)well before a championship和文章中before an event定位到E段, 之后發(fā)現(xiàn)后面提及的“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)模型”作用就是計(jì)算時(shí)間和速率,因此內(nèi)容對(duì)應(yīng)上calculate,此時(shí)可斷定答案的位置。

Question 8

答案:A

關(guān)鍵詞: digital cameras

定位原文: C段倒數(shù)第3句: “..SWAN system now used in Australian national…”

解題思路: 前一句已經(jīng)提到該系統(tǒng)已廣泛應(yīng)用于澳大利亞各項(xiàng)全國(guó)賽事之中,而沒(méi)有提到其他國(guó)家,因此可以判斷應(yīng)該只有澳大利亞人在使用。

Question 9

答案:B

關(guān)鍵詞:sensor

定位原文: D段第7句:“...With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro…”

解題思路: 找到相同對(duì)應(yīng)詞sensor,讀其前后的句子,發(fā)現(xiàn)有 Melbourne,斷定是澳大利亞人的發(fā)明。之后要特別留心動(dòng)詞develop運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示正在開(kāi)發(fā);而且注意之后的定語(yǔ)從句采用了將來(lái)時(shí),所以可以斷定此發(fā)明還沒(méi)有完成,應(yīng)該屬于將來(lái)的成果。因此選擇B。

Question 10

答案: A

關(guān)鍵詞:protein

定位原文: D段倒數(shù)第4句: “… AIS and the University of Newcastle…”

解題思路: 非常容易在前面第一句話(huà)中找到跟題目protein tests所對(duì)應(yīng)的詞語(yǔ)a test ...protein。之后細(xì)讀前后句,發(fā)現(xiàn)后面一句話(huà)對(duì)于此項(xiàng)科技成果的受益者文章中只提到AIS運(yùn)動(dòng)員,即澳大利亞體育學(xué)院的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,隸屬于澳大利亞,所以應(yīng)該選擇A。

Question 11

答案:C

關(guān)鍵詞: altitude tent

定位原文: F段倒數(shù)第2句: “The same has happened to the ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent ’…”

解題思路: 文章中很容易找到用引號(hào)括起來(lái)的題目中的名詞 短語(yǔ) ,因此只要細(xì)心讀原句,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)開(kāi)頭的‘The same has happened...’同樣的事情也發(fā)生在……根據(jù) 經(jīng)驗(yàn) 應(yīng)該順著文章向上追溯,發(fā)現(xiàn)跟‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’相同情況的是1996年奧運(yùn)會(huì)上澳大利亞人受益的流線(xiàn)型散熱運(yùn)動(dòng)服現(xiàn)在全世界都在用。因此 ‘a(chǎn)ltitude tent’也被世界各國(guó)應(yīng)用。所以答案應(yīng)該選擇C。且根據(jù)此段話(huà)大意可以了解文章只提到兩種研究成果被別國(guó)運(yùn)用,即髙原帳蓬和流線(xiàn)型散熱服。所以可以間接判斷前三項(xiàng)成果是由澳大利人獨(dú)享的。

Question 12

答案: (a)competition model

關(guān)鍵詞: help an athlete plan, produced / prepare the athlete by, developing

定位原文: E段第1句“Using data…”

解題思路: Help an athlete plan their performance 對(duì)應(yīng)上prepare the athlete by之后,要認(rèn)真研究題目所問(wèn)的是what is produced,斷定所作答案必定要填一個(gè)名詞。因此要細(xì)讀原文發(fā)現(xiàn)有單詞developing恰與produced相對(duì)應(yīng),中文意思是“開(kāi)發(fā)”,則答案必定是開(kāi)發(fā)之后的名詞。

Question 13

答案: (by)2 percent/%

關(guān)鍵詞: 19% Olympic Games, cyclists, improve

定位原文: F段第3句“At the Atlanta…”

解題思路: 分析問(wèn)句是 ‘By how much... improve’,意思為“提高了多少”,可以判斷出答案需要寫(xiě)一個(gè)數(shù)字。因此仔細(xì)閱讀相關(guān)語(yǔ)句找到 sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists ‘a(chǎn)nd rowers’ time。很快就可以找到數(shù)字百分之二

。

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